Lighting, Light Fixtures, Ceiling and Exhaust Fans - Overhead light in bedroom

I'm installing an overhead light in a bedroom. I have 2 hot wires, 1 black and 1 white, 2 cold wires, 1 white, 1 black, and 2 copper ground wires. I was told 1 set is for a jumper to the exhaust fan for the 1/2 bath to be installed in the future. When I hook the light up to the 2 hot wires black, black, white, white, the light switch won't turn the light off. I can even cross the wires, and nothing happens. If I hook the ground wire up and connect the light and flip the switch it throws the breaker. The old light didn't have a ground wire. The other set of wires are completely dead no matter what I do. I'm stuck.

I was told 1 set is for a jumper to the exhaust fan for the 1/2 bath to be installed in the future.This is almost certainly incorrect information. Who told you that?

You almost certainly have a switch loop. People very commonly mess this up. Do you remember exactly how the old light was connected? Do you own any electrical test equipment.

Do just a bit of investigation. Shut off the breaker. Gently pull the wall switch out of its box without disconnecting any wires. Tell me how many wires are connected to it and what colors they are.

I am pretty sure the OP did describing a switch loop format but need more details what John Nelson talk about it.

Let me expand this detail little more due you have bathroom in there check the GFCI to see if the light do go out { I did see sometime wired like that by incomming line to GFCI then to the bathroom luminiare but a major gotcha if you go that route you can not extend it to other bathroom the only way you can get it extended is by keep the light circuit seperted from bathroom receptale }

Merci,Marc